There are three types of tzaraas that can
afflict the Jew, as a reminder from G-d that he is not living
correctly. At first, the tzaraas attaches itself to the sinner's
house, then to his clothing, and finally, if he does not repent, it
adheres to his very flesh. His body bears the signs of this spiritual
illness, and the cure, so to speak, is also spiritual - teshuva
(repentance). The metzora does not go to a doctor, but to the kohen.
When he is ready for purification, he does not go to a medical clinic
but to the Beis HaMikdash. Why are these particular three entities
the targets of this affliction - his home, clothing, and body? And
why this progression? Why not just attack his body immediately? Why
the subtlety?
Chazal says (Arachin 16a) that tzaraas is visited on a person for one
of seven possible sins, most famously Lashon hara, but also for
others, such as arrogance, envy, etc. What is the connection between
arrogance and tzaraas?
We do many things to generate self-importance, sometimes to inflate
our egos but more often simply to raise our self-esteem. We endow the
most mundane acts with glamour, prestige, and a certain cachet. These
days, people gladly pay ten times more for a cup of coffee than they
did just a decade ago, only because it engenders a sense a
sophistication and a feeling of trendiness. We tend to invest the
simplest acts with the most profound significance.
In and of itself, this is usually harmless; the real danger lies in
doing the same thing in our interactions with others. Lashon hara is
a by-product of arrogance. One who thinks he is superior to others,
or one who wants to boost himself, will often seek to degrade others.
People who are emotionally secure do not need that, but those who are
most self-centered thrive on it. So what is the first punishment of
the Metzora? He is quarantined, banished from society for seven days
- in essence, humbled, diminished, and losing esteem in the eyes of
others. The metzora is segregated not only as a punishment, but
primarily as a learning experience - so he can reflect on what it
means to be part of a society, on the value of human companionship,
so he can better appreciate human companionship - because therein
lies his flaw.
The metzora has no respect for the rights, needs, or claims of
others. He lives in a world in which he is at the center, the hub of
importance, and the straw that stirs the drink. In other words, he is
not only arrogant, but also worse - he is rude. To be rude doesn't
violate one of the 613 commandments; it violates all of them. In our
world, we have become inured to the death of civility, so we accept
rudeness as a matter of course and we almost pay it no attention,
until it affects us. The etiquette of "please, thank you, excuse me,
sorry" is in decline in our world.
But G-d will not first punish the person. In His kindness, He will
first target those objects with which the Metzora identifies, which
bring him security, and add to his sense of self: first his house and
then his clothing.
People invest much in their homes - money, time, effort, personality,
and aggravation. It is a very keen expression of their identity. It
is 'who I am' to the outside world. We all have homes, and yet no two
homes are alike. And clothing is an even more immediate and trenchant
means of self-expression - there are rules and regulations (what
matches or doesn't, what is in and what is out of fashion), infinite
styles, and endless supply of compliments. ("That's a beautiful
suit/dress, etc." - even though the recipient of the compliment did
not make the garment, he\she is just wearing it.) And yet, nothing is
closer to us than our bodies, where we feel pain, and which is most
important to us.
These three are familiar to us in another context as well. Gemara
Menachos 43b states that "whoever has tefilin on his head and arm,
and tzitzis on his clothing, and a mezuza on his doorpost is secured
against sin.." These three items, explained Rav Yisrael Chait shlit"a
- are our primary means of self-expression, the focal points of our
individual identity and putative security. These are the areas of
life that G-d specifically endowed with mitzvos, in order to
re-direct our trust back to Him.
If we think that our homes are our castles and furnish us with
security and strength, then we are commanded to put a mezuza on the
outside door - to remind us that the true refuge is with G-d. If we
are obsessed with our appearance - how we look, what we wear, on
maintaining the latest fashions, then we are provided with one
sartorial constant: Tzitzis. For those who think that man exists only
to seek pleasure and indulge the body, know - through the wearing of
tefilin - that the body can be consecrated to a higher purpose. Man
is first and foremost a servant of G-d.
The metzora, in his arrogance, stumbled. He is first taught - through
his home, then through his clothing, and then on his body - to gain
some perspective, regain some humility, to re-create himself as a
wiser, more dedicated servant of HaShem. But what the metzora learns
through an affliction, we understand through mitzvos. That is why
tzaraas only affects Jews, and mitzvos were only given to Jews - and
that is why we remind ourselves, in this month of geula, of the
foundation of our people, the terms of our existence, and the
glorious destiny that awaits His faithful servants, with the joys of
redemption, and the coming of Moshiach.